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Effingham SOS Facility in 444 S. Willow St.

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Driver´s License

In the States, the driver`s license is issued by every State or territory. A driver normally must obtain a driver's license from its State of residence, and this permit is valid for all the rest of the United States. A certain territory could also suspend the driving privileges around its limits to a driver who had violated the traffic rules. A lot of States shared a common system of classes with certain exceptions. In the case of commercial licenses, for example, those are standardized by federal regulations.

History

The first driver instructors were the car dealers, family members, friends, or organizations like the YMCA. Around 1930, a lot of High Schools offered vial education.

Special Licenses and Standard licenses.

Non Restricted licenses:

This is the most common license in America. There are some differences between some States on the class of license they use to distinguish a regular driver’s license and a special one, like the restricted one, the Chauffeur or motorcycle license. I.e.In Tennessee a Standard driver's license is called Class D, the Class M is for Motorcycles and the Class H is a hardship license.

Hardship license for minors:

These licenses are oriented to those drivers between 14 and 15 years old (sometimes up to 18), who have the need to drive for family difficulties, like family financial problems or medical problems; the driver needs to go to work or School and there is no other transport available.

Provisional licenses:

Its funcion is the same as a driver's license, but these are issued for drivers under 18 years of age, between 14 and 17 years old. Almost every State, except South Dakota, counts with some kind of graduated license, but the restriction time and the period that a new driver must held the license vary widely depending on the State.

Chauffeur's license:

Its function is the same as a regular license, with the add that this license also allows the titular to drive a taxi, limousine or other rented vehicle. In the States, this kind of license is complicated to get, the chauffeur license are not considered a commercial or professional license and, (assuming that the driver already possess a regular license), generally it does not require a driving exam to turn it to a Chauffeur license; However, some States require a written exam about specific driving rules for a taxi or a background check, and also require that the driver is at least 18 years of age (bear in mind that some taxi companies only hire people from 25 years old or older for Insurance reasons).

Motorcycle license:

Only for Motorcycles, frequently combined with the regular drivers license. In some States this one does not include some types of motorcycles, scooters or motorized bikes, and the driver must find what classification is the correct one for his or her vehicle in that particular State. A common criteria, but no universal, is to check if the motorcycle has a 250cc or less, the wheel size, kind of transmission, and legal code to distinguish the moped and scooters from motorcycles.

Improved licenses:

This kind of license is issued for american citizens in Washington, Michigan, California, Vermont, New York and Minnesota, and se the nationality of the driver appart of the drivers permit. A EDL is a compatible document with a WHTI, acceptable document to cross land or sea borders incoming from Canada, Caribe or Mexico. TO apply for this kind of license it is necessary to bring an American passport and a birth certificate as proof of the nationality. The commercial license and the Motorcycle license also have the same option to be improved.

Permit for disabled persons

The permit for disabled persons is issued to those people who comply with a responsible standard driving and parking access. Special access is issued to improve their life when driving. In some States, like in Texas, the disable person can be forced to surrender his or her licenses depending on their disability.

Some States have additional classifications. I.e. Hawaii counts with a special license for motorcycle drivers, and other States count for other separated categories for snow bikes and all terrain vehicles. South Carolina and Georgia issue different versions of commercial licenses for agrobusiness.

Foreing government officials and diplomats.

The licenses issued by OFM are equal to a regular license issued by the State. This is one of a kind exemption to the states and territories who issue driver's licenses, the Office of Foreign Missions from the State Department issue driver's licenses for those government officials and diplomatis regardless of the State where they live.

Driver license laws.

Drivers under 18 generally must follow an educational program, either at School or in a private driving School, and to practise with a professional before applying to the license. Some States like New York also require new drivers to take driving lessons before applying for the license.

However, in some States, all adult drivers with their first license could be on a trial period for some amount of time (generally between 6 months and two years), during this period, any transit violation has more severe consequences or even suspension of the license for some time, rules that would not apply for the experimented drivers.

Use of license as Identification and proof of age.

Due to the fact that there is not a National Id card in the United States, the drivers license, can be easily used to pursue some commercial or government transactions. As a result of this, the driver's license is very often stolen from its titular and used fraudulently.

The driver’s licence was not always used as ID. In most of the States, the licenses didn't even have a Photo until 1980. The mother association movement against young drivers under alcohol effects plus the establishment of the minimum age to purchase alcohol beverages, did that all drivers licenses added a photo around 1986. However, in New Jersey there was no obligation yet to add a photo in the license, this was reviewed and revoked later.

In Vermont, all license holders have the option to obtain a license with no photo. In Tennessee, all drivers older than 60 years old, could have a license with no photo, until January 2013, when that became mandatory to be able to vote. All non photo license holders can apply for a new one with a photo when the license expires. There are still 13 States that for religious reasons, allow drivers to have a license with no picture: Indiana, Kansas, Arkansas, Nebraska, Missouri, Minnesota, North Dakota, New Jersey, Nebraska, Pennsylvania, Oregon, Wisconsin, Tennessee and Washington.

There are more additions that may vary between States, like the fingerprint, bar codes, magnetic bands, Social security numbers and fraud protection systems, most of them added to avoid identities stealing and fraudulent IDs. To avoid more false driver's licenses, the States have been working on digital improvements incorporating holograms and bar codes. Identification cards with no driver.

Some States, generally issue ID cards on the same agency that they issue the driving license, for people who don't drive.

Real ID

When an interested person applies for a Real ID, as a new applicant or to revenew an old one, he or she must present a citizen document (american passport, birth certificate, Social Security Number, Change of name certificate - if apply- and two proofs of residence on the State). The State will check the documents and will keep a copy. It is not permitted to have more than one Real ID at the time.

A Real ID can be easily identified depending on the State. These nes have a gold or black star on the upper right corner of the card. From October 2011, Connecticut also issued them. From January 2013, Ohia is issuing the Real ID under the name "Safe Identification Card".

California began to issue real IDs in 2018.

Improved Driver’s licenses

From May 2009, only the States of Washington, New York, Vermont and Michigan issued this kind of license. From January 2014, Minnesota was added to the list; now we will have Ohaio that is pending on the approval of the DHS to become on the 6th State to issue Real IDs.

The Secretary of National Security announced in March 2008, that the Improved drivers licenses issue in Washington was the first license approved by the “Occidental Hemisphere Travel Initiative”; According to the press communication of the National Security Department, they are also working with Arizona to develop new improved drivers licences there.

On September 15th, 2008, New York started to issue Improved drivers licenses that comply with the WHTI. Texas was on its way to implement this as well, but the governor Rick Perry stopped all the program, despite that we are talking of a state law authorized by the Texas Department of Public Safety to issue EDL and a final decision of the State general attorney, Greg Abbott, that the production of EDL in Texas will comply with the federal requirements.

Digital drivers licences.

The digital License does not require any additional hardware and includes a policy of "Do not touch" that allows the owner to be in possession of the mobile device at any moment.

In October 2018, the State Secretary of Louisiana, Kyle Ardoin, approved the digital ID for the identification of voting people at elections. In January 2019, the Alcohol and Tobacco Office in Louisiana approved the use of the digital ID through LA Wallet as a way of identification of age to purchase cigarettes and alcohol.

Some tips for your drivers license test in 444 S. Willow St.:

If you go to take your first driver's test chances are that, if your a car Enthusiast, this is one of the most exciting days of your life and even if you're not it opens up a world of possibilities for traveling and do things you never could have done before.

If you follow these few simple tips you'll be well on your way and you'll pass the test with no problem.

Watch out your mirrors

Before leaving the parking lot and getting out on the road is important to adjust your mirrors, your seat position, steering wheel position and of course fasten your seatbelt.

Proper 9 and 3 hand position

Proper hand position is at 9 and 3, and i guarantee if you drive one-handed at the 12 position you're going to fail your test. It's important to keep both hands on the steering wheel at all times. Of course if you have a manual transmission vehicle you have to take one hand off the ship, but this will keep your test administrator feeling safe and you will be in the most control of your vehicle.

Changing lanes

When changing lanes is important to do the following: First Signal, then look in your rearview mirror all by your side mirror, look over your shoulder, and if is safe, then you can go. Once you're in the lane that you're moving into all the way, then you can turn your turn indicator. Always signal if you're changing lanes no matter if there's no traffic around you, for the driver's test it is important to check both mirrors, look over your shoulder and use your turn signal.

When changing multiple lanes

If you're going over multiple Lanes always go from one lane to the next, pause for a little bit of time, then turn your turning indicator on, look at both mirrors over shoulder, go to the next line, pause and then go to the next. Shooting over across 4 Lanes of traffic is a good way to fail the test.

Pulling out onto a street with a high speed limit

Always give yourself plenty of time when pulling out onto a street with a high speed limit. It will not annoy the person providing your test if you wait there until it's safe.

If you pull out in front of a car that is moving quickly and do not give yourself enough room you're going to lose points. Waiting until there's plenty of space, more so than you think you would need normally, it is the proper way to do it.

If you fear to one side of the lane

Often beginner drivers tend of fear to one side of the lane or the other. On a single Lane road that means you might been too close to the double yellow or too close to the shoulder. To prevent that there is a technique that some people used that is helpful when you're learning , is to look farther ahead in the road and try to imagine the center of the road, picture a line in the center of the lane you're in passing through the center of your vehicle. This helps keep you in the center of your lane which is important for succeeding at the driver's test.

Stoping on a stop sing or red light propertly

When coming to a stop sign or an stop or red light is important to stop before the white line in the road. That mean, when you're coming to a full stop, you should still be able to see the white line in front of the hood of your car ( This is important ). Then, if it's a blind turn, once you come to a full start, now you can start creeping out a little bit further and further so you can see the flow of traffic and make your right or left turn. Always use a safe following distance between yourself and the car is in front of you. The higher the speed limit is, the more the following distance because, if the person in front of you breaks all the sudden, you want to give yourself enough time to react.

Braking tips

Also, before you break, always check your rearview mirror. If you come onto a stop abruptly and there's a car right behind you, they could run into you. Obviously if it's an emergency situation this isn't always possible, but in the ideal case always check your mirror before braking.

Keep your eyes moving

Always keep your eyes constantly scanning the road for pedestrian, any obstacles or turns that are coming up. That means checking your mirrors constantly: Your rearview mirror, your side mirrors, looking over your shoulder. Being attentive and showing that you're paying attention is going to make a great impression to pass your road test.

Cut corners tip

When making protective left turns people often cut corners. Is something that everyone does on the road all the time: passing over a double yellow or a white line is a great way to fail your driver's test so make sure to take it wide enough, stay in the guidelines when you're making left turns and not cut any corners.

Drive as smooth as possible

Be as smooth as possible. this means smooth steering inputs, smooth braking and smooth acceleration. Being jerky is not going to go well.

Drive defensively

Drive defensively not aggressively this day is about proving that you are a safe driver not the next F1 star. Prove that on the racetrack.

Don't speed

Don't speed. This is very important. In general people are used to going 5 miles an hour over the speed limit or so when driving in a daily situation but for the test you cannot do that. Speed limit or below is required.

Also having a radar detector in your car for the test if won't be a great idea.

Pre-drive checklist:

The DMV wants to make sure that you are proficient with all the controls on the inside the car before you start your test.

Here's one sample of a pre-drive checklist:

• The DMV will tell you to turn the car on, but don't start it.
• Turn the turn signal on to the left and then the right.
• Turn the headlights on.
• Turn the headlights off.
• Turn the windshield wipers on.
• Turn on the emergency flashers in the morning.
• The examiner may ask you, if you come out in the morning and there's frost on your front window, how do you defrost your front window? You selected froster, turn the fan on to number 2 or higher and select the “Heat”.
• Any other examiner will ask you to show them your defrosters: Where are they located?
• The Examiner will then ask you to disengage the emergency parking brake and then, engage the emergency parking brake.
• They will then ask you to honk the horn.

Identification Cards

The Identification cards are issued to all citizens with no age requirement by the Department of Motor and Vehicles. This ID card is similar to the Drivers License, but it can only be used for identification purposes.

There are two different types of cards, the regular one, that is valid for 6 years, and the one issued for elderly persons that can only be requested if the person is older than 62 years old, this last one has a validity of 10 years.

If the applicant is a beneficiary from a public assistance program from the government, there is a chance that he or she can apply for the Identification card presenting the form “Reduced cost verification for ID card” to the Department of Vehicles.

Some tips for your drivers license test in 444 S. Willow St.:

If you go to take your driver's test and your a car Enthusiast, this will be one of the most exciting days of your life and, if you're not, it opens up a world of possibilities for traveling and do things you never could have done before.

If you follow these few simple tips you'll be well on your way and you'll pass it with flying colors.

Check your mirrors

Before leaving the parking lot and getting out on the road is important to adjust your mirrors, your seat position, steering wheel position and of course fasten your seatbelt.

Proper hand position

It's important to keep both hands on the steering wheel at all times. Of course if you have a manual transmission vehicle you have to take one hand off the ship, but this will keep your test administrator feeling safe and you will be in the most control of your vehicle. Proper hand position is at 9 and 3, and i guarantee if you drive one-handed at the 12 position you're going to fail your test.

When changing lanes

When changing lanes is important to do the following: First Signal, then look in your rearview mirror all by your side mirror, look over your shoulder, and if is safe, then you can go. Once you're in the lane that you're moving into all the way, then you can turn your turn indicator. Always signal if you're changing lanes no matter if there's no traffic around you, for the driver's test it is important to check both mirrors, look over your shoulder and use your turn signal.

Multiple lanes changing

Now if you're going over multiple Lanes ( For example you're on a four-lane road ) always go from one lane to the next, pause for a little bit, then turn your turning indicator on, look at both mirrors over shoulder, go to the next line, pause and then go to the next. Shooting over across 4 Lanes of traffic is a good way to fail the test.

Onto a street with a high speed limit

Always give yourself plenty of time when pulling out onto a street with a high speed limit. It will not annoy the person providing your test if you wait there until it's safe. If you pull out in front of a car that is moving quickly and do not give yourself enough room you're going to lose points. Waiting until there's plenty of space, more so than you think you would need normally, it is the safe way to do it.

Stay in the center of the lane

Often beginner drivers tend of fear to one side of the lane or the other. On a single Lane road that means you might been too close to the double yellow or too close to the shoulder. To prevent that there is a technique that some people used that is helpful when you're learning , is to look farther ahead in the road and try to imagine the center of the road, picture a line in the center of the lane you're in passing through the center of your vehicle. This helps keep you in the center of your lane which is important for succeeding at the driver's test.

Stoping on a stop sing or red light propertly

When you´re coming to a stop sign or an stop or red light is really important to stop before the white line in the road. That mean, when you're coming to a full stop, you should still be able to see the white line in front of the hood of your car. Then, if it's a blind turn, once you come to a full start, now you can start creeping out a little bit further and further so you can see the flow of traffic and make your right or left turn.

Always use a safe following distance between yourself and the car in front of you. The higher the speed limit is, the more the following distance between cars. That is because, if the person in front of you breaks all the sudden, you want to give yourself enough time to react.

On braking

Before you break, always check your mirrors. If you come onto a stop abruptly and there's a car right behind you, they could run into you. If it's an emergency situation this obviously isn't always possible, but in the ideal case always check your rearview mirror before braking.

Keep your eyes moving

Always keep your eyes constantly scanning the road for pedestrian, any obstacles or turns that are coming up. That means checking your mirrors constantly: Your rearview mirror, your side mirrors, looking over your shoulder. Being attentive and showing that you're paying attention is going to make a great impression to pass your road test.

Cut corners

When making protective left turns people often cut corners. Passing over a double yellow or a white line is a great way to fail your driver's test so make sure to take it wide enough, stay in the guidelines when you're making left turns and not cut any corners.

Make smooth movements

Be as smooth as possible in your movements. It means smooth braking, smooth acceleration, smooth steering inputs, etc. Being jerky is not going to go well.

Drive defensively

Drive defensively not aggressively. This day is about proving that you are a safe driver.

Check the speed limit

Don't speed. This is very important. In general people are used to going 5 miles an hour over the speed limit or so when driving in a daily situation but for the test you cannot do that. Speed limit or below is required.

Also having a radar detector in your car for the test probably won't leave a very good first impression.

Pre-drive test checklist:

The DMV wants to check if you are proficient with all the controls on the inside the car before you start the driver test.

Here's a sample of the pre Drive checklist:

• The DMV will tell you to turn the car on, but don't start it.
• Turn the turn signal on to the left and then the right.
• Turn the headlights on and off.
• Turn the windshield wipers on and off.
• Turn on the emergency flashers in the morning.
• The examiner may ask you, if you come out in the morning and there's frost on your front window, how do you defrost your front window? You selected froster, turn the fan on and select the “Heat”.
• Any other examiner will ask you to show them your defrosters: Where are they located?
• The examiner will then ask you to disengage the emergency parking brake and then, engage the emergency parking brake.
• They make ask you to honk the horn.

Registration

There are different options to renovate the driving license. The first option is to do it via Internet, to do it online, the applicant must possess the plates license and the last five digits of the vehicle Identification Number; in case of a vessel or boat you will need the Hull Identification Number, and the smog certification; last, you will need to have the renewal notice with your current home address.

At the moment of the renewal the applicant must not have any doubt or infraction. Once the applicant has processed the renewal, he or she will receive a sticker within the next 5 days with the renovated plate.

The second option is through a DMV auto service terminal (Department of Motorized Vehicles), there you can have the new sticker instantly. Apart from the registry renewal, you can operate other formalities from there, like paying the restitutio fare for suspension of the vehicle plate, present or renew the affidavit of a non-used vehicle, among others.

These kinds of terminals help to avoid waiting lines and to make more efficient and fast transactions, you may use these terminals for all kinds of vehicles,pickups, motorcycles, house trailers and commercial vehicles that don't need a commercial plate.

The last option for registry renewal is through the BPA (Business Partners Automatization program). The DMV allows that business partners have the chance to process and issue license plates, enabling decals and plates among others.

Titling

The titling of a vehicle establishes an individual person or a business, as a legal operator of the Vehicle, and every State of USA possesses different procedures to obtain this kind of certification.

When a sale/purchase of a vehicle happens, the titling of it must be transferred to the new owner, unless there is a financed purchase, in which case, the owner remains the same until the payment is complete, that way, the titling is transferred to the new owner. When this documentation is lost, the owner can apply for a copy in the State where the title had been issued.

The data that we can find in this documentation are: Identification Number, brand of the vehicle, year of production, plate number, owner details and, in case there is a doubt at the moment, the data of the person to whom the money is owed.

Plates

In the States, the plates or vehicle plates generally possess between 5 to 7 characters, depending on the State where the plate is being issued you can find different alphanumeric combinations.

These are usually assigned in ascending order except some exemptions, therefore, someone who is familiarized with this can determine approximately in what moment the plate was issued.

In some States, the last two digits of the plate inform its expiration date.

Right now, the style of these plates may vary according to the State, but most of them show the name and the design from the State where it was issued, and the alphanumeric code over a reflective plate.

There are also different Special diplomatic plates, issued by the State Department to those who are entitled for it. Those plates can count with a letter (that represents the State where it is issued), two more letters (that represent the country code), and then, three or four random numbers. Or well, four numbers, two letters to identify the country and another letter to identify the State where it is issued.

This is the case for the identification of plates issued for the ONU vehicles.

CDL Written

In the USA there is a law called "Commercial Vehicles Security law", that establishes the requirements that a State must comply when issuing a commercial License. There are 3 different type of licenses:

Class A, for those vehicles that pass the 10.000 pounds of weight.

Class B, for those vehicles that has less than 10.000 òunds of weight.

Class C, for those vehicles that do not comply with the weights in class A or B but are designed to carry 16 passengers or more, or to carry dangerous goods materials.

The minimum age to apply for this license is 18 years old, except some exceptions in some States. Nevertheless, in case of interstate commerce it is essential that who applies counts with no less than 21 years of age. Previous to 1992, the year where this license was implemented, the requirements varied according to the State, as the commercial vehicles required special skills and knowledge.

The applicant wasn't always ready for this, and that led to a lot of accidents. From this year forward, after this law was released, the Federal HighWay administration (FHWA) developed some standard tests for those who wanted this special license, only those who successfully passed the written and the practice test could access the license.

The written test counts with a minimum of 30 questions about vial safety and parts of a trailer truck, to passmark is stated in 80 percent.

CDL Driving

The driving test that every applicant must pass to access to the Commercial Drivers License may vary according to the State where it is issued. In general, the applicant must have practice hours that can be obtained through a program focused on teaching special abilities and maneuvers to trailer truck drivers.

This way, the operation of this vehicle becomes safer, and apart from this, the driver learns how to read maps and how to plan trips among other information. This type of vial education is a lot more completed and advanced than the one required for a regular drivers license. Actually, there are a large number of CDL Schools in the States, and also, a lot of truck companies own their own schools.

The driving test also requires the performance of some maneuvers that the driver must perform in the vehicle he or she wants to drive or a similar one with all the same equipment.

The drivers of commercial vehicles must prove that they are eligible at a physical level to drive these kind of vehicles, therefore, after the test is passed, he or she will have to be examined by a certified doctor from the Registry of Certified Medical Examiners, who will enable the driver before the Motorized Vehicles Office.

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